In reply to Indy:
I had a similar blow out on a front wheel a few years ago in the wet going down hill on the brakes. it went off like a shotgun and blew the tyre clean off the rim and I still don't know how I stayed upright. Due to conditions I rulled out overheating of rim brakes, but concluded as it was an old-ish tyre with a folding bead that it was caused by the tyre slipping (rotationally) on the rim, and causing a rip against the valve (the tube was torn from the valve nearly half way round the wheel, and the tear didn't follow a seam eaither). that plus 120PSI and off it went. I haven't had a similar problem before or since.
It could be somethign similar for you, especially if tyre was still cold from starting out.
Other thing to consider is how badly you might have scuffed the side wall as you went down?