In reply to James Malloch:
> It turns out that phones have GPS receivers but not transmitters so can't be used to relay any information without phone coverage also.
Nothing, other than GPS satellites or jammers, transmits GPS signals. GPS for users is receive only, and the GPS satellites are transmit only.
Emergency beacons such as you are considering receive GPS signals, compute a position, and broadcast that position using some other radio system. Mobile hones would receive GPS, and transmit your position using the mobile phone data network.
Spot is a possible candidate, but, due to the use of geostationary satellites for its message relay, it can be prone to blockage if used in mountainous locations; the mountains block the line of sight between SPOT unit and the satellites. The further from the equator you go, the worse this gets.