In reply to James Gordon:
> Interested more than anything in just how impressive the first ascents of these routes were!
Sorry, I saw this before but I simply forgot to answer!
Gav P gave you all the relevant technical infomations on the Walker, and there’s very little useful I could add. As for your last question:
The first ascent of the route by Cassin (who is, in case of someone ask, the same guy of the Cassin Spur on Denali), Esposito and Tizzoni was immensely relevant for its time, as it was, in many ways, the first time the climbing techniques and technical innovation developed in the Dolomites during the 20’s and the 30’s were used on a new route in a Western Alps big wall, on granite and at a relevant altitude (and in many way, the NF of Grandes Jorasses is THE Western Alps big wall!). These included things like systematic use of aid climbing, rope maneuvers like pendulums, and the use of rock boots with rigid Vibram soles. All these thing were of course non unknown in places like Chamonix, but had never been systematically used to open a big route – and local specialists like Armand Charlet were still very uneasy about “nailing”.
Also, it was important HOW the route was climbed. Neither Cassin nor Esposito or Tizzoni had any previous experience on MB, and, Cassin, while had already built a name with important new routes on the Cima Ovest of Lavaredo and the Piz Badile, had never seen Grandes Jorasses before in their life! Around GJ there had been none of the media frenzy that characterized the race of the Eiger, and Cassin (who lived and still lives in Lecco, north of Milan), got the idea to climb the route from a friend, who sent him a postcard of the wall with the words “you should really try this one”. They went first to Grindenwald to try the Eiger, then moved to Courmayeur, and had to ask for directions to the “that Lesciò hut” (!) to the flabbergasted warden of the Torino hut. They didn’t care for conditions, weather or everything, and went straight to the wall – typical Cassin “I came, I see, and I climbed the damned thing” attitude. It’s also interesting to note that they found the exact line for themselves, in fact going through a hard variant at the beginning that was avoided later by Rebuffat in the second ascent.
The impact of the ascent on the climbing community, especially the local one, was enormous (way bigger than the Eiger!!), as the two most likely pretenders to the first ascent, French Pierre Allain (who did the first ascent of the North Face of the Drus, and was the designer of the first real climbing shoes) and Italian Giusto Gervasutti (who was probably at the time the best granite climber of the world, had built an huge base of new ascents in the area, and had already been a very close second on the first climb of the Croz spur) were surprisingly beaten in their own home turf. Allain was initially very bitter, as he felt he had been cheated by fate (he had just returned from a “reconnaissance in force” on the wall when Cassin came) and his later account of his own third ascent of the route in the early 50’s reeks a bit of “sour grapes”, as with subtle humor he seems to dismiss the line as not terribly hard or beautiful. But the Chamonix climbing scene of the time was rather dismayed that “a stranger” had snatched the prize under Allain’s nose, and most of the French climbing histories are quite eager on showing how close Allain himself had been to the first ascent (and indeed, he really was!)
As for Gervasutti, he was a bit more honest in his feelings – he recognized to Cassin a big technical and psychological advantage over the locals (and himself), and he wrote that he and his regular partner Renato Chabod had been too influenced by the mystique of the Jorasses, the pretences of stable meteo and perfect conditions, and the opinion of local heroes like Armand Charlet. Cassin had none of this – he just seized the first ascent as the opportunity arose.
Gervasutti wrote also that he was disappointed but not bitter, but it’s difficult to say what he really felt, as we know almost nothing on his private life (he’s still one of the big unsolved mysteries of climbing lore!). The huge irony is that Gervasutti himself, four years later (1942), opened on the East Face of the Jorasses a route that was and still is much more difficult than the Cassin, probably the biggest rock climbing achievement on the Alps until the American Direct on the Drus in 1962… but no one noticed, as the 1942 ascent was totally obscured by the war in Europe, and started to get some recognition only in 1974, when Joe Tasker and Dick Renshaw made the third ascent.
I hope this has answered your question.
For Bob and "The Great Pretender":
I’m strictly referring to second hand experience/evidence here, but on the Cassin cams up to 3.5 are very useful. In several places (i.e.the 75m dihedral) as the rock is often structured with parallel cracks or flakes where you must easily integrate the existing gear (that should be normally inspected and possibily re-hammered in, exp at belays). Horns/spikes are more common in the broken parts of the route, as the long crest above the Grey Tower, or the exit above the Red Tower.