In reply to stp:
Fire Service method: tie figure of 8 knots on the bight every metre or so in your rope in the central section of rope which will be over the roof. Go up a ladder to the eaves then throw one end of the line over the ridge of the roof so that it will go right over and down the other side and down to the ground.
Then secure both ends of the line on the ground on either side of the house to strong anchors in a belay device that can be locked off securely, and pull thru (can use prussiks to tighten) until line is fairly taut. Climb with 2 daisy chains with krab/ scaffold hooks etc and clip one into fig 8 loop, climb on and clip next one, then unclip previous etc - so you are always attached.
If you slip off you will ideally want a mate on the ground who can belay you by paying out the line from the opposite side of the house to lower you down to the ground on the side of the roof you slipped down.
Still would be used with a roof ladder as, as mentioned, it spreads weight and minimises damage to tiles/ slates and also gives you firm footing as roofs can be slippy!
Be careful doing it near the edge of a roof on the side of the house as the whole line could be pulled over the end and be of no use, or worse take you with it.
Is rarely used in reality as it is time consuming to set up, but is deemed safest way to work on a roof other than an aerial platform.
Hope that makes sense!