In reply to Climbing Pieman:
> I’ve put up a small bird nest box this year and that may attract some bees since I’ve never found the cane type ones to be used and they have been there for a few years. So far nothing in the box though last time I looked. It’s not in a location I reckon small birds would like or choose, but either way it would be interesting to see if it gets occupied.
Bees are quite fussy about the size and cleanliness of the holes they use. Canes are variable size and often not that clean inside. I never had much luck with those either.
The box I have now has blocks of wood with channels put into it with a router and sanded so they are a consistent size with no rough parts. It's covered with perspex to close the tunnels, which means that I can see into it. That was occupied almost immediately I put it up. However, of course, it will only attract bees which use holes of that specific size. It isn't the best photo, but it looks a bit like this: https://photos.app.goo.gl/heuKFFnKN7YwRjBb6
The other option I've seen work well is cardboard tubes (e.g., https://www.masonbees.co.uk/product-page/nesting-tubes), which are similarly clean and a consistent size, but you do need to replace those every year.
Mason bees do best with a little care. I remove the cocoons from the box in the autumn, clean off all the inevitable pollen mites, and store them safely over the winter. Much better survival rate, but it does require a nest box system that you can access. I can get into mine by unscrewing the perspex cover.